Public Library Makerspace in Iran: A Qualitative Study on Components and Advantages

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Medical Library and Information Science, Faculty of Paramedicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.

2 Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.

3 Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

4 Department of Medical Library and Information Science, Faculty of Paramedicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran

Abstract
 
Libraries need to be innovative and creative to prevent a recession. As a forum for idea-making, the makerspace guarantees library dynamics and user satisfaction. This study aimed to identify the necessary factors and advantages of establishing makerspace in Iran's public libraries. This qualitative study applied A semi-structured interview as a data collection tool. The questions guiding the interviews were extracted from related literature. Content analysis was used for analyzing the data from interviews with 14 purposefully-selected public library managers. Software and hardware factors were identified as the main components for implementing makerspaces in Iran's public libraries. The main advantages of implementing makerspaces in Iran's public libraries were library services, technologies, buildings and physical evidence, and librarians and users. Each of the components has its own subcategories and related items. The consideration of elements necessary for implementing library makerspaces, plus informing about the advantages of establishing such a milieu, can be lucrative to library managers and librarians in making the library a dynamic environment for its users. 
 

Keywords

Subjects


Andrews, C., Wright, S. E. & Raskin, H. (2016). Library learning spaces: Investigating libraries and investing in student feedback. Journal of Library Administration, 56(6), 647-672. https://doi.org/10.1080/01930826.2015.1105556 
Boyle, E. A., Hainey, T., Connolly, T. M., Gray, G., Earp, J., Ott, M., Lim, Th., Ninaus, M. & Pereira, J. (2016). An update to the systematic literature review of empirical evidence of the impacts and outcomes of computer games and serious games. Computers & Education,  94,178-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.11.003 
Brady, T., Salas, C., Nuriddin, A., Rodgers, W. & Subramaniam, M. (2014). MakeAbility: Creating accessible makerspace events in a public library. Public Library Quarterly, 33(4), 330-347. https://doi.org/10.1080/01616846.2014.970425 
Britton, L. (2012). A fabulous laboratory: The makerspace at Fayetteville Free Library. Public Libraries Online,  51(4), 30-33. Retrieved from https://publiclibrariesonline.org/2012/10/a-fabulous-labaratory-the-makerspace-at-fayetteville-free-library/ 
Boström, E., Isaksson, U., Lundman, B., Graneheim, U. H. & Hörnsten, Å. (2014). Interaction between diabetes specialist nurses and patients during group sessions about self-management in type 2 diabetes. Patient Education and Counseling, 94(2), 187–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2013.10.010
Burns N. & Grove SK. (2005). The practice of nursing research is conducted, critiqued, and utilized. Philadelphia: WB. Saunders.
Chen, C. M. & Yang, Y. C. (2024). A game-based augmented reality navigation system to support makerspace user education in a university library. The Electronic Library, 42(1), 78-101. https://doi.org/10.1108/EL-05-2023-0107 
Davis, A. M. L. (2018). Current trends and goals in the development of makerspaces at New England college and research libraries. Information Technology and Libraries, 37(2), 94-117. https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i2.9825 
Ejikeme, A. N. & Okpala, H. N. (2017). Promoting Children’s learning through technology literacy: challenges to school librarians in the 21st century. Education and Information Technologies,  22(3), 1163-1177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-016-9481-1 
Filar Williams, B. & Folkman, M. (2017). Librarians as makers. Journal of Library Administration, 57(1), 17-35. https://doi.org/10.1080/01930826.2016.1215676 
Gahagan, P. M. & Calvert, P. J. (2020). Evaluating a public library makerspace. Public Library Quarterly, 39(4), 320-345. https://doi.org/10.1080/01616846.2019.1662756 
Gall, D. (2012). Librarian like a rock star: Using your brand to promote your services and reach distant users. Journal of Library Administration, 52(6-7), 549-558. 
Güneş, A. & Canatar, M. (2022). Library makerspace in Turkey: Public and university libraries. IFLA Journal, 48(4), 691-705. https://doi.org/10.1177/03400352211066944 
Gupta, V. & Rubalcaba, L. (2022). University libraries as open innovation partners: Harnessing hidden potential to foster global entrepreneurship. The Journal of Academic Librarianship,.48(2), 102432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2021.102432 
Holloway I. & Wheeler S. (2002). Qualitative research for nurses. Australia: Blackwell science.
Huvila, I. (2020). Librarians on User Participation in Five European Countries/Perspectives de bibliothécaires sur la participation des utilisateurs dans cinq pays européens. Canadian Journal of Information and Library Science, 43(2), 127-157. Retrieved from https://muse.jhu.edu/article/772363 
Hynes, M. M. & Hynes, W. J. (2018). If you build it, will they come? Student preferences for Makerspace environments in higher education. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 28(3), 867-883. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-017-9412-5 
Kim, S. H. & Copeland, A. (2021). Toward context-relevant library makerspaces: understanding small-town and rural libraries' goals, approaches, and resources. In Diversity, Divergence, Dialogue: 16th International Conference, iConference 2021, Beijing, China, March 17–31, 2021, Proceedings, Part II 16 (pp. 441-457). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71305-8_37 
Kim, S. H., Jung, Y. J. & Choi, G. W. (2022). A systematic review of library makerspaces research. Library & Information Science Research, 44(4), 101202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lisr.2022.101202 
Koul, R. B., Sheffield, R. & McIlvenny, L. (2021). Teaching 21st-century skills: Using STEM makerspace. Springer Nature.
Kurti, R. S., Kurti, D. & Fleming, L. (2014). Practical implementation of an educational makerspace. Teacher Librarian, 42(2), 20-24. Retrieved from http://www.teacherlibrarian.com/wp-
            content/uploads/2014/12/Kurti-3-for-tl-website.pdf  
Lee, R. J. (2017). Campus-library collaboration with makerspaces. Public Services Quarterly,  13(2), 108-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228959.2017.1303421 
Li, X. & Todd, R. J. (2019). Makerspace opportunities and desired outcomes: Voices from young people. The Library Quarterly, 89(4), 316-332. 
Litts, B. K. (2015). Making learning: Makerspaces as learning environments. Doctoral dissertation, The University of Wisconsin-Madison.  Retrieved from https://asset.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/TYA7FZZ4PAMI48M/R/file-83a6b.pdf 
Michalak, R. & Rysavy, M. D. (2019). Academic libraries in 2018: A comparison of makerspaces within academic research libraries. In Supporting Entrepreneurship and Innovation (Vol. 40, pp. 67-88). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S0732-067120190000040008 
Nichols, J., Melo, M. M. & Dewland, J. (2017). Unifying space and service for makers, entrepreneurs, and digital scholars. Portal: Libraries and the Academy, 17(2), 363-374. https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2017.0022 
Oliver, K. M. (2016). Part one is professional development considerations for makerspace leaders: Addressing “what?” and “why?”. TechTrends, 60, 160-166. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-016-0028-5 
Peppler, K. & Bender, S. (2013). Maker movement spreads innovation one project at a time. Phi Delta Kappan, 95(3), 22-27. https://doi.org/10.1177/003172171309500306 
Pijls, M., van Eijck, T., Kragten, M. & Bredeweg, B. (2022). Activities and experiences of children and makerspace coaches during after-school and school programs in a public library makerspace. Journal for STEM education research, 5(2), 163-186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41979-022-00070-w 
Radniecki, T. (2018). Intellectual property in the makerspace. Journal of Library Administration, 58(6), 545-560. https://doi.org/10.1080/01930826.2018.1491178 
Saorín, J. L., Melian-Díaz, D., Bonnet, A., Carrera, C. C., Meier, C. & De La Torre-Cantero, J. (2017). Makerspace teaching-learning environment to enhance creative competence in engineering students. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 23, 188-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2017.01.004 
Singh, S. K., Gupta, S., Busso, D., & Kamboj, S. (2021). Top management knowledge value, knowledge sharing practices, open innovation, and organizational performance. Journal of Business Research, 128, 788-798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.04.040 
Skåland, G., Arnseth, H. C. & Pierroux, P. (2020). Doing inventing in the library. Analyzing the narrative framing of making in a public library context. Education Sciences, 10(6), 158. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci10060158 
Slatter, D. & Howard, Z. (2013). A place to make, hack and learn: Makerspaces in Australian public libraries. Australian Library Journal, 62(4), 272-284. https://doi.org/10.1080/00049670.2013.853335 
Vongkulluksn, V. W., Matewos, A. M. & Sinatra, G. M. (2021). Growth mindset development in design-based makerspace: A longitudinal study. The Journal of Educational Research,  114(2), 139-154. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220671.2021.1872473 
Wong, A. & Partridge, H. (2016). Making as learning: Makerspaces in universities. Australian Academic & Research Libraries, 47(3), 143-159.
Williams, R. D. & Willett, R. (2019). Makerspaces and boundary work: The role of librarians as educators in public library makerspaces. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 51(3), 801-813. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961000617742467 
Wynn, R., Oyeyemi, S. O., Budrionis, A., Marco-Ruiz, L., Yigzaw, K. Y. & Bellika, J. G. (2020). Electronic health use in a representative sample of 18,497 respondents in Norway (the seventh Tromsø study-part 1): a population-based questionnaire study. JMIR Medical Informatics, 8(3), e13106. https://doi.org/10.2196/13106 

  • Receive Date 27 April 2024
  • Revise Date 28 December 2024
  • Accept Date 28 December 2024